GAZ-14 «Chaika» - the Soviet Executive car of a large class, manual assembling at the Gorky automobile plant (c 1977 to 1988.All it has been made about 1120 cars of this model.
The front suspension has retained only a General scheme and has been completely changed - instead of pin and threaded bushing in it appeared ball joints and rubber-metal joints (silent blocks). Improved was and rear leaf dependent suspension. All this has allowed to improve the comfort of a vehicle, to enhance its performance.
From a technical point of view the car, in fact, was deeply modernized version of its predecessor, GAZ-13. The new model was significantly larger, and in fact, the «left» in a higher division, came close to the dimensions, technical characteristics and the levels of comfort and equipment to the models of trucks of higher class. The frame was left X-shape, as the previous model, but the wheelbase has been lengthened to 200 mm, to offset the reduction in the height of the vehicle and less vertical landing of the driver and passengers, accounting for now 3450 mm. The engine remained in the basis of the same, and that the GAS-13, but due to the timing of the new intake and exhaust manifolds, introduction of the system of power supply with two carburetors and other measures, the maximum capacity of up to 195 up to 220 HP., that significantly improved the dynamics of - a quarter decreased time of acceleration up to 100 km /h, increased maximum speed. Automatic gearbox in General inherited from the model of the predecessor, but have been modified gear ratios its planetary part, and the most noticeable difference was the location of the selector modes automatic - if the GAZ-13 it was touch-and was located on the left on the instrument panel, the GAZ-14 was introduced a more modern floor in the form of a lever.
The brakes were also upgraded and fully correspond to the requirements of those years. Ahead appeared massive ventilated disc mechanisms. The brake system has two circuits, each of them acted on two front and one rear wheel, and each had their own гидровакуумный amplifier, which was used in addition to one Central vacuum amplifier (cascade scheme). The GAS 14 applied disc brake system with internally ventilated and two stages of strengthening of the British company «Гирлинг». Amplifiers of three: one vacuum, the other two - гидровакуумные. The braking system is duplicated - there are two independent circuits. In the new model was a real breakthrough - it is in the level of sophistication of the interior and use of all kinds of servo drives. The car was very richly equipped with various devices that increase the comfort for the driver and passengers. To their services are very complex system of ventilation and heating with two separate отопителями, Electromechanical drive damper air intakes and a built-in air-conditioning, which provided the individual microclimate in the front and the rear seat, power Windows, so the car was equipped with a stereo FM radio top class «radio engineering» with a prefix «Wilma» (Riga radio plant), in the left rear armrest of the sofa set remote control the radio, which had приоритентое right on. Central locking, four ashtrays. Some cars have built-in radio «Altai» or satellite "Caucasus".
Bent atermalnye side of the glass with a light blue-green tinted Windows did not pass in the salon of the ultraviolet radiation. The rear window and some of the side had heated. There was a headlamp cleaning system jet type.
Small-batch production of «the Seagull» continued for 11 years until 1988. Since 1985, the car has received index 1402 and a number of improvements, in particular seat, which previously was not regulated by the angle of the backrest, now installed from GAZ 3102 with a wider range of adjustment of the lumbar support backrest. As has been improved cooling system of the engine.
In 1988, in the framework of the so-called «fight with the privileges of the»the car was discontinued on the personal instructions of M. With. Gorbachev[the source is not specified 786 days], and at the same time was destroyed by the whole technological equipment, technical documentation, Assembly lines, the body dies, and so forth (even rigging for production of large-scale toy car model, also released on the Gaz).
As a result of this rash, forcible decision was destroyed together with the whole production complex a unique car with a high technical level, at that time practically not inferior to foreign analogues and having a great growth potential. Used materials http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%C0%C7-14 